Tg Go Sawm Lian
Hong tung ding November kha ni 8 gambup kitelpi hong man leh bang dan kumpi deih i hiam?
• Koi dan MP deih i hiam?
• Parliament/ Hluttaw bang dan deih i hiam?
• Kikhelna taktak i deih hiam?
• Bang ci kikhel sak nuam i hiam?
Hih a tung a ei deihdan MP Member of Parliament, Parliament/ Hluttaw hong pian theih nadingin i kal masa pen mee (vote) piakna pan hong kipan khia ding ahi hi.
Laigelh siam Pyunosuke in bang na ci hiam cih leh ” INDIVIDUALLY, WE ARE ONE DROP. TOGETHER WE ARE AN OCEAN ” guah malkhat pen taak khat bek hi a, guah mal tampi ong ki gawm ciangin tuipi a suak hi ci hi.
Meetang khat i cih hangin, mee tang tampi hong kigawm ciangin kikhelna lianpi piang sak zo ahih manin meetang khat lel tak, kei mee khiat loh hang, ama mee khiat loh hang ci’n neu ngaih sut khak ding hi peuh mah lo hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh tua na meetang khat, ka mee tang khat in mi khat i gualzawhna, party khat i gualzawhna, khua leh tui noptuamna, hamphatna leh kikhelna lianpi piang sak thei ahih man hi.
Meetang khat ta i piak teng hong kigawmin November ni 8 ni teh hih anuai a thute tawh gam hong makaih kumpi a lamen ihi hi.
• Mipi hong lainatin khua le tui a vei
• Democracy i cih mipi a tam zaw deihna, democracy tawh a kikhen thei lo a hi, minority rights leh majority rule, tualsuak/nam neute ngeina, gam leh lei zahtaksakna
• Federal i cih thuneihna hawm khop diamdiamna
Hih teng deihsaktakin lainatna tawh tangpi tangta taangin thu hong sunsak ding, palai teelna ahi hi. Mipi’ palai ding a kiteel ciangin hi ta leh parliament/ Hluttaw sung’ thu kipsakna, kumpi tel ding ahi zongin kitel dan nam 4 om hi:
• Plurality
• Majoritarian
• Proportional representation
• Hih a tung a teng kigawm mixed system, cihte hi-in Myanmar gam in tulai tak a zat pen mixed system hi.
Democracy (a tam zaw deihna): Gam nasem ding i cih ciangin mipi khempeuh/ tangpi tangta sep ngeingai theih hilo ahih manin ei tang in a ding ding leh a phu ding a nawk dingin ateel ihi hi. Party khat bek in zozo loin pary nih leh thum kipaw khawmin kumpi hong sepkhop leh tua pen Belpawl Kumpi (Coalition Government ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအစိုးရ) in gam hong makaih ding hi.
Kumpi sep hun office term pen a tam zaw ah kum 5 hi a, ei Myanmar bang ah zong kum 5 mah kizang hi. Tua lo kum 4 office term zangte pen: USA, Iran, Bosnia cihte hi. Tua lo kum 6 term a zang zong om uh a – Singapore, Finland, Egypt, Valenzuela cihte hi. Tua banah kum 7 term zong om lai hi. Tuate in : Israel, Syria, Italy cihte hi.
Mipi in i teel Member of Parliament te pen:
• Region/state Hluttaw MLA
• House of Nationalities/Amyothar Hluttaw MP
• House of Representative/ Pyituh Hluttaw MP
A tung a Amyotha Hluttaw leh Pyituh Hluttaw a kigawm Pyidaungsu Hlutaw /Assembly of the Union hi a, gam mi khat in meetang 3 i nei hi. Ahi zongin Sagaing sung aa Zomi te bang in mee tang 4 nei ding uh hi. Ahang in Minam Vuanzi (Taizintha Yeyar Vuanzi) khat teel ding uh ahih man hi. 2020 kitelpi pen coalition government (ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအစိုး) dingin gamthu’ kan leh gamthu’ lunglutte hita leh mualtung mimakaite sutsut leh lunggulh thu khat ahi hi.
2010 kiteelpi ah tu laitak gam uk kumpi ahi, National League for Democracy ahi zongin 1990 in a gualzo party teng in parliament sam thei lo ahih manin tua taang dingin kiallap in kipawlna ahi Committee Representing the People’s Parliament (CRPP) pan ong suak khia ahi 1990 kitelpi a zo a diak in mualtung mi kipawlna United Nationalities Alliance (UNA) ahi zongin thumanna omlo hi ci-in boycott hi.
2015 gambup kitelpi ciangin kum 60 val khang 2 val sung vilvel mipi aw ong ngaihsak ngei loin mipi nuntak khuasakzia,(social & welfare). sum leh pai zonna (economic development) ai zong, pilsinna ah 1964 kum panin leitung gam tuamtuam tawh kizopna ahi manglai bulphuh pilsinna textbook ahi zongin, scholarship ahi zongin political science ahi zongin hong lakkhiat sakin Burmese way ” Bama loo” Kawlzia leh tong cih bulphuhna ahi Buddha biakna leh Kawlzia nationalism tawh ong uk in missionary sang teng, private sector a gamdang company teng ong hawl khiat sak ahi galkap ukna, military junta pa in kisuakta nuam lua ahih manin Myanmar gambup level ah mipi in NLD kibuak huan hi. Zomite in galkap kumpi khek dingin mee kipia in Tedim leh Tonzang ah Tonzang Constituency No. 1 lo buang kizo dipdep hi.
Himah ta leh kikhelna lianpi ong om theilo hi. Gamkhat i nei sa ciaptehna Gross Domestic Product (GDP) en leng NLD 2015 sangin galkap (military junta) hun sungin GDP gam neihsa pen tam zaw cih kimu thei hi.
NLD i economic policy ah ngimna (goal) 5 omin tua tengah sep masak dingte pen: Kilemna (Peace), Ninam tuamtuamte unau pumkhat suahna (National Reconciliation), Gam mipite bitna (National Security) leh Kumpi Ki-ukna hoih (Good Governance) cihte hi. I theihsa tek mah bang in kilemna in manawt het loin galkidona leh galtai dong tuak tam semsem zawsop hi.
International level ah mawhsakna a thuak, thukhenna mai International Court of Justice (ICJ), International Criminal Court (ICC) leh Argentina Federal Criminal Chamber Court cih bang thukhunna tokhom mai ah din loh a phamawh, mawh tang takpi ding maw dik tang thei kha ding, cih ciang lunghihmawh huai ciang dong tung to hi.
Tu laitak a gam minin thu a kibawlna pen 1948 kum aa Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide suaikai (ratified) gam tuak a hi Gambia in Myanmar pen International Court of Justice(ICJ) the Hague ah Rohingya te nambup suksiak na thu 5, lai mai 45 a pha tawh Gambia in thu bawl in National League for Democracy thuneihna ngah cil in sep masak ding goal masa Peace, National Reconciliation, Security & Good Governance pen a tangtun zo lo ong suak hi.
Sep ding goal 2 na adingin Economic Stability & Strengthened Macroeconomic Management hi pan ahih manin sum lei sum bawlna leh nuntak khuasakna deih zah in kilam thakna leh kikhelna lianpi hong omlohna a hang pen sep masak goal 1 ah a kikoih loh man zong hi, cih kimu thei hi. U Thein Sein government I economic policy 4 leh U Htin Kyaw government I economic policy(amend) 12 bang et kak leng u Thein Sein economic policy a tawp na-a hi state leh region budget a kikim in hawm ding bang zongh u Htin Kyaw economic policy sang in equality om zaw cih zongh ki mu thei hi.
Bek tham loin 2008 constitution, schedule 5 ah, state government in siah(taxes) nam 19 la thei hi ci hi. A huam pi-in en leng state khat sung pan a piang a hi, van te leh thaman (goods and services) hi pha diak hi. Tua lak ah a lak theih loh pen leisung sum piang (natural resources), mei(electricity), natural gas leh singkung siah(forestry) hi teng pen union government in direct in a let taxes te hi.
2010-2015 U Thein Sein government Union Solidarity and Development Party, ahi zongin 2015-2020 U Win Myint government, NLD a hi zongin state te ah federal standard resource sharing gen loh resource sharing a cih ngiat state government in a gal muh kha nai lo hi.
Hih thanemna teng teng siksanin Myanmar nationwide level party te ahi Dr Htet Htet Khine party, People’s Piooner Party (PPP), U Ko Ko Gyi Party, Peoples Party (PP), U Shwe Mann party ahi Union Betterment Party (UBP), leh USDP ahi zongin a vek un a tangkopih uh thu – slogan en leng sumbawlna masak ding policy vive – economic development, job creation cihte hong bulphuh uh hi.
A tung a partu tuamtuam hong ding zihziahte leh NLD te nasep masak ding mabante kilamdang hi, cih zong kimu thei hi. NLD in nidang a haksat lai a a zu a ham a thuakpih mualmi teng tawh khut kilen nawn lo ding, ci-in a thu hong laih ciangin tua pen party khat bek thuneihna hi loin party tuamtuam, Kawlmi leh mualmi kihelkim diamdiam a kumpi sepkhopna Belpawl kumpi Coalition government (ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအစိုးရ) a pianna dingin hong tawsawn toto ahi hi.
Kumpi ki-ukna hoih cih tawh kisai-in zang mi mual mi kilekkim tak a sep khop theihna a om loh zia, budget hawmzia akipan thuneihzia khensawnnate ah thudik a om loh dan pen (ဒုတိယအကြိမ် အမျိုးသားလွှတ်တော်သတ္တမ ပုံမှန်အစည်းအဝေးမှ နဝမအကြိမ် ပုံမှန်အစည်းအဝေးအထိ အမျိုးသားလွှတ်တော်တွင် အကြောင်းအရာလိုက် မေးခွန်း)dotna ah minam tawh ki sai thusun na/dotna 3 vei bek om hi cih parliament record tung tawnin ki mu khia thei hi. Leitung aa, mi nam kim om tam pen na gam khat a hi Myanmar gam ah, minam tawh ki sai dot ding om lo hiam cih dot na ongh om hi.
Parliament ah thuman lo takin zawh thawh thu tawh Mon State ah Aung San lei min piakna, Kareni State ah tualsuak mite deihlohpipi mahin Aung San milim phuhna, Rakhine State ah Arakan National Party in National League for Democracy (NLD) sang a tam zaw 46.81% in zo hi mah ta leh Chief Minister piak lohna, Independence ngah zawh kum 73 sung parliament hun ဖဆ လ kumpi aa ki pan NLD kumpi hun dong party lian khat in ukcip den in kilemna om thei ngei lo ahihna thute kimu thei hi.
A tomin enkik leng hih a tung a thu 4 a hi:
• Amau mun ciat ah a zo mualmi party te thusim loin a sepkhop noplohna
• Development plan framework ah sumbawlna lam (economic, job creation) masak lohna
• NLD sungah tualsung mipi deih palai MP tel dan cihte ah phualpi a omte thuneihna – centralization a hat luatna leh kumpi ki-ukna hoih good governance omlohna
• Myanmar gam suahtakna ngah 1947 kum a kipan Party lian khat khit khat ukna nuai ah kilum letlet in party lian khat uk na ahih kei leh a gualzo zo te thu (first past the post) ahih manin citawm/namneute aw kiza zo lo ahihna kitel mahmah hi.
Hih a tung a thu teng siksanin en leng 2020 gambup kiteelpi khit ciangin Belpawl Kumpi Coalition Government (ညွှန့်ပေါင်းအစိုးရ) khat, nidang a i sin ngei loh kumpi khat ong piang leh tualsuak mi(ethnicity) te aa ding in economic interst lam ah sat tan ki kim na (equality) a hi zongh idealogy lam ah fairness ai zongh i sin sa Union Solidarity and Development Party leh National League for Democracy sang coliation government ah ki lamthak na, tuah thak, sin thak kumpi khat ong khia thei ding in upmawh huai hi.
Tutung thului hong gelh Tg Go Sawm Lian @Lianpi pen Kalaymyo a teng Pa Gin Khan Sing leh Nu Niang Lian Dim te tapa hi a, 2019 kumin Philippine University of Santo Tomas pan Political Economy tawh sang manin tulaitak Ateneo De Manila University ah Master of Arts in International Politics asin laitak khangno muanhuai mahmah khat ahi hi.
